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On Thursday, June 12, 2025, Nigeria marks Democracy Day, a public holiday celebrating 26 years of uninterrupted democratic governance since the return to civilian rule in 1999. This day holds deep meaning for Nigerians, as it honours the historic June 12, 1993, presidential election, widely regarded as the freest and fairest in the country’s history.
The election, won by Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale (MKO) Abiola but annulled by the military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida, sparked a fierce struggle for democracy that shaped Nigeria’s political landscape. Today, Nigerians across the country are reflecting on their journey, honouring the sacrifices of pro-democracy heroes, and calling for stronger democratic institutions to ensure a brighter future.
The significance of June 12 stems from the 1993 election, when millions of Nigerians, defying ethnic, religious, and social divides, voted for MKO Abiola, a charismatic businessman from Ogun State. The election was seen as a turning point after years of military rule that began with Nigeria’s first coup in 1966.
However, Babangida’s annulment of the results plunged the nation into crisis. Protests erupted, particularly in the South-West, where Abiola had strong support. The violence that followed saw at least 100 protesters killed by police, and many southerners fled major cities fearing ethnic purges. Abiola, after declaring himself president in 1994, was arrested for treason by General Sani Abacha’s regime and died under mysterious circumstances in 1998, just as he was due to be released.
The struggle for democracy continued, driven by journalists, civil society groups, and activists like Kudirat Abiola, General Shehu Musa Yar’Adua, and Pa Alfred Rewane, who lost their lives in the fight. Media houses such as The Punch, Guardian, and TELL Magazine faced crackdowns but stood firm. Their efforts culminated in Nigeria’s return to democracy on May 29, 1999, when Olusegun Obasanjo was sworn in as president.
Initially, Democracy Day was celebrated on May 29, but in 2018, President Muhammadu Buhari changed it to June 12 to honour Abiola and the 1993 election. Abiola was posthumously awarded the Grand Commander of the Federal Republic (GCFR), Nigeria’s highest honour, and his running mate, Baba Gana Kingibe, and activist Gani Fawehinmi received the Grand Commander of the Niger (GCON).
This year’s Democracy Day comes with a mix of celebration and reflection. The Federal Government declared June 12, 2025, a public holiday, as announced by the Minister of Interior, Dr Olubunmi Tunji-Ojo, who praised Nigerians for their resilience over 26 years of civilian rule. “June 12 represents our historic journey to building a nation where truth and justice reign and peace is sustained,” he said, emphasizing the “Renewed Hope” agenda of President Bola Tinubu.
Across Nigeria, events are planned, including a possible national broadcast by President Tinubu, public lectures, and parades by the armed forces. In Abuja, Eagle Square will host major celebrations, while states like Lagos, Ogun, and Oyo, where Abiola’s legacy is strong, are holding local events to honour his memory.
However, the mood is not entirely festive. Many Nigerians, especially young people, are voicing concerns about the state of democracy. Economic challenges, including high inflation, unemployment, and the rising cost of living, have fueled disillusionment. The 2023 elections, marred by allegations of fraud and violence, left some questioning the integrity of the democratic process.
Civil society groups, like the ‘Take It Back’ movement led by Omoyele Sowore, have planned protests to highlight issues such as insecurity in states like Benue and Zamfara, police brutality, and government spending on luxury items like SUVs for legislators while citizens struggle. The National Association of Seadogs has called for stronger institutions to ensure democracy delivers on its promises of equity and accountability.
Despite these challenges, Democracy Day remains a beacon of hope. It reminds Nigerians of their resilience and the power of their collective will, as seen in the 1993 election. From Lagos to Kano, citizens are encouraged to reflect on the sacrifices of Abiola and others, participate in civic activities, and push for a democracy that truly serves the people. As Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation, celebrates this milestone, the call is clear: honour the past, strengthen the present, and build a future where every voice counts.
